what causes gouty arthritis - Uric Acid Testing
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Uric Acid Testing
Definition Uric acid tests are tests that are done to measure the levels of uric acid in blood serum or in urine. Purpose
Certain foods that are high in purine may increase the patient's levels of uric acid. These include kidneys, liver, sweetbreads, sardines, anchovies, and meat extracts. This is the counterpart to our previous paragraph on what causes gouty arthritis. Please read that paragraph to get a better understanding to this paragraph.
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Decreased excretion of uric acid is seen in chronic kidney disease, low thyroid, toxemia of pregnancy, and alcoholism. Patients with gout excrete less than half the uric acid in their blood as other persons. Only 10-15% of the total cases of hyperuricemia, however, are caused by gout. It was with great optimism that we started out on writing this composition on what causes gouty arthritis. Please don't let us lose this optimism.
Uric acid is a waste product that results from the breakdown of purine, a nucleic acid. (Nucleic acids are the building blocks of DNA.) Uric acid is made in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. If the liver produces too much uric acid or the kidneys excrete too little, the patient will have too much uric acid in the blood. This condition is called hyperuricemia. Supersaturated uric acid in the urine (uricosuria) can crystallize to form kidney stones that may block the tubes that lead from the kidneys to the bladder (the ureters).
Key Terms - Fanconi's syndrome
- A rare disorder caused by vitamin D deficiency or exposure to heavy metals.
- Gout
- A metabolic disorder characterized by sudden recurring attacks of arthritis caused by deposits of crystals that build up in the joints due to abnormally high uric acid blood levels. In gout, uric acid may be overproduced, underexcreted, or both.
- Hyperuricemia
- Excessively high levels of uric acid in the blood, often producing gout.
- Purine
- A white crystalline substance that is one of the building blocks of DNA. Uric acid is produced when purine is broken down in the body.
- Uric acid
- A compound resulting from the body's breakdown of purine. It is normally present in human urine only in small amounts.
- Uricosuria
- Increased levels of uric acid in the urine.
- Wilson's disease
- A rare hereditary disease marked by the buildup of copper in the liver and brain, causing loss of kidney function.
Further Reading For Your Information Books - Laboratory Test Handbook, edited by David S. Jacobs. Cleveland, OH: Lexi-Comp Inc., 1996.
- Mosby's Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, edited by Kathleen Deska Pagana and Timothy James Pagana. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book, Inc., 1998.
- Springhouse Corporation. Handbook of Diagnostic Tests, edited by Matthew Cahill. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corporation, 1995.
Bio
Preparation The uric acid test requires either a blood or urine sample. For the blood sample, the patient should be fasting (nothing to eat or drink) for at least eight hours before the test. The urine test for uric acid requires a 24-hour urine collection. The urine test does not require the patient to fast or cut down on fluids. Some laboratories encourage patients to drink plenty of fluids during the collection period. Patience was exercised in this article on what causes gouty arthritis. Without patience, it would not have been possible to write extensively on what causes gouty arthritis.
Risks Risks for the blood test are minimal, but may include slight bleeding from the puncture site, a small bruise or swelling in the area, or fainting or feeling lightheaded.
Abnormally low uric acid levels may indicate that the patient is taking allopurinol or probenecid for treatment of gout; may be pregnant; or suffers from Wilson's disease or Fanconi's syndrome. We have actually followed a certain pattern while writing on what causes gouty arthritis. We have used simple words and sentences to facilitate easy understanding for the reader.
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The uric acid tests are used to evaluate the blood levels of uric acid for gout and to assess uric acid levels in the urine for kidney stone formation. The urine test is used most often to monitor patients already diagnosed with kidney stones, but it can also be used to detect disorders that affect the body's production of uric acid and to help measure the level of kidney functioning. We consider that we have only touched the perimeter of information available on what causes gouty arthritis. There is still a lot more to be learnt!
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Abnormal results The critical value for the blood test is a level of uric acid higher than 12 milligrams per deciliter (about 4 ounces). Perhaps you may not have been interested in this passage on what causes gouty arthritis. In that case, please don't spread this feedback around!
Description The uric acid blood test is performed on a sample of the patient's blood, withdrawn from a vein into a vacuum tube. The procedure, which is called a venipuncture, takes about five minutes. The urine test requires the patient to collect all urine voided over a 24-hour period, with the exception of the very first specimen. The patient keeps the specimen container on ice or in the refrigerator during the collection period.
The laboratory should also be notified if the patient has had recent x-ray tests requiring contrast dyes. These chemicals increase uric acid levels in urine and decrease them in blood. Perfection has been achieved in this article on what causes gouty arthritis. There is hardly any matter left from this article that is worth mentioning.Perfection has been achieved in this article on what causes gouty arthritis. There is hardly any matter left from this article that is worth mentioning.
Urine test Patients should be checked for the following medications before the urine test: diuretics, aspirin, pyrazinamide (Tebrazid), phenylbutazone, probenecid (Benemid), and allopurinol (Lopurin). If the patient needs to continue taking these medications, the laboratory should be notified. If there is the slightest possibility of you not getting to understand the matter that is written here on what causes gouty arthritis, we have some advice to be given. Use a dictionary!
Urine test Reference values for 24-hour urinary uric acid vary from laboratory to laboratory but are generally found within the following range: 250-750 mg/24 hours.
If you wish to learn more about Gout, Purines, or Uric Acid, check out Steve's s The Internet Guides. The Internet Guide: Uric Acid: http://gout.smartadssecrets.com/uric_acid This article serves as a representative for the meaning of what causes gouty arthritis in the library of knowledge. Let it represent knowledge well.
The Internet Guide: Gout - http://gout.smartadsscrets.com The Internet Guide: Purines - http://gout.smartadssecrets.com/purines Slang is one thing that has not been included in this composition on what causes gouty arthritis. It is because slang only induces bad English, and loses the value of English.
Precautions Blood test Patients scheduled for a blood test for uric acid should be checked for the following medications: loop diuretics (Diamox, Bumex, Edecrin, or Lasix); ethambutol (Myambutol); vincristine (Oncovin); pyrazinamide (Tebrazid); thiazide diuretics (Naturetin, Hydrex, Diuril, Esidrix, HydroDiuril, Aquatensen, Renese, Diurese); aspirin (low doses); acetaminophen (Tylenol); ascorbic acid (vitamin C preparations); levodopa (Larodopa); or phenacetin. These drugs can affect test results.
Normal results Blood test Reference values for blood uric acid vary from laboratory to laboratory but are generally found within the following range: Male: 2.1-8.5 mg/dL; female: 2.0-6.6 mg/dL. Values may be slightly higher in the elderly. We needed lots of concentration while writing on what causes gouty arthritis as the matter we had collected was very specific and important.
Increased production of uric acid may result from eating foods that are high in purine. Increased uric acid levels due to overproduction may also be caused by gout, by a genetic disorder of purine metabolism, or by metastatic cancer, destruction of red blood cells, leukemia, or cancer chemotherapy.
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